In December of 2015, the Paris Agreement, a new framework to address the issue of climate change was adopted, and expected to further the efforts of States addressing the climate change issue. Measures to address greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted from the international aviation sector have been discussed separately in the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), due to their peculiarity in being emitted across borders and on the high seas. This past October, after many years of discussion, the ICAO assembly decided to introduce the Global Market-Based Measure (GMBM) to address international aviation emissions, with voluntary pilot and first phases starting from 2021, followed by the second phase from 2027 through 2035, as one strategy to reduce global GHGs.

Both Japan and the U.S. announced that they will be participating in the GMBM from the pilot phase, which is for States that are participating voluntarily.  Japan and the U.S. are both interested in how airlines will respond to the GMBM, as well as what influence the strategy will have on aviation users.

For this reason, prior to the introduction of the GMBM, JITI invited an ICAO professional, who has been involved in the design of the GMBM, as well as Japanese and U.S. airline representatives, to discuss the content, as well as the discussion leading up to it, the direction of the design for the detailed system in the future, the airline response, the impact on users, and how to obtain the participation of many States during the voluntary phase.