2019 International Civil Aviation Symposium in Tokyo “The Future of Civil Aviation in the Asia Pacific Region” Jointly Hosted by JTTRI and the Aviation Policy Research Association O rganized with JITTI USA Monday, November 18th, 2019 3:00 PM- 6:00 PM The University of Tokyo Ito International Research Center, Ito Hall 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyou-ku, Tokyo 113-0033 Cooperation： Graduate School of Public Policy Sponsorship: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,Transport and Tourism (MLIT-Japan) Opening Remarks: 　Masafumi Shukuri　/　Chairman, Japan Transport and Tourism Research Institute (JTTRI) Honorable Guest Remarks： 　Kozo Fujita　/　Vice-Minister, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) of Japan 　Hugo Yon　/　Deputy Assistant Secretary, Transportation Affairs, U.S. Department of State Keynote Speeches： 　Jotaro Horiuchi　/　Assistant Vice-Minister for Int’l Aviation, Minister’s Secretariat, MLIT, Japan 　David Short　/　 Deputy Assistant Secretary for Aviation & Int’l Affairs, U. S. Department of Transportation 　Akihiko Tamura　/　President & CEO, Narita Int’l Airport Corp. Panel Discussion and Q&A Session Moderator： 　Hirotaka Yamauchi　/　President for Research, Japan Transport and Tourism Research Institute (JTTRI) Panelists： 　Shuichi Fujimura　/　Exe. VP, Int’l Affairs & Alliances, All Nippon Airways 　Tadao Nishio　/　Managing Exe. Officer, Corp. Strategy & Planning, Japan Airlines 　Robert Wirick　/　Managing Director,　Regulatory & Int’l Affiars,　American Airlines 　Heather Wingate　/　Senior VP for Gov’t Affiars, Delta Air Lines 　Stephen Morrissey　/　VP, Regulatory & Policy United Airlines 　Akihiko Tamura　/　President & CEO, Narita Int’l Airport Corp. Event Summary: Air passenger transport in the Asia Pacific region has been steadily growing and reached 1.6 billion passengers in 2018.　 Japan hopes to achieve even greater targets of 40 million foreign visitors in 2020 and 60 million in 2030, and is implementing policies such as reviewing the flight paths of Haneda Airport,developing a third runway in Narita Airport and promoting airport management privatization utilizing the Concessions Method. In addition, the Asia Pacific region has drastically changed owing to the enhancement of long-haul direct flights from the U.S. to Asian destinations, the construction of mega airports in Asian countries, and the rise of Low Cost Carriers. JTTRI is pleased to invite experts in international civil aviation to discuss the future vision and strategies of international civil aviation in the Asia Pacific region. Link to Event Page on JTTRI Website

JITI 2018 Airport Workshop Airport Redevelopment Using Public Private Partnerships February 1st, 2018 The Ritz-Carlton, Washington D.C. 1150 22nd St NW, Washington, DC The Trump administration’s 1 trillion-dollar infrastructure plan has brought much attention to how infrastructure projects will be carried out in the coming years. As anticipation for updating and fixing the outdated transportation infrastructure - including the nation’s airports - grows, many think that Public Private Partnerships (P3) could be the solution. Often capital improvement projects are challenging, given that most projects are costly, and the financial situation of the public sector tends to be constrained in capital to use in these projects. There have been cases of airport redevelopment using P3 in the U.S., in which the private sector plays a role in managing, operating and financing airport facilities. For example, the LaGuardia Airport Terminal B project in New York is a major private investment in America’s infrastructure. In Japan, airport governance reforms using P3 are being used to maximize operational efficiency under a unified strategy of airport management by introducing long term concession agreements. For example, Sendai Airport started private operation in 2016, and various airports are expected to have operations by their selected concessionaire, such as Fukuoka Airport, as well as 7 major airports in Hokkaido. For this workshop, JITI has invited experts of airport management from Japan and the U.S. to discuss the challenges and benefits of P3 in airport redevelopment, lessons learned, and important takeaways for applications on future airport infrastructure projects. Opening Remarks Makoto Washizu President JITI USA Bio Keynote Speeches Azuma Kato Senior Deputy Director, Airport Governance Reform Unit, Civil Aviation Bureau, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism (MLIT), Japan Bio Presentation Robert Puentes President and CEO, Eno Center for Transportation Bio Presentation Lysa Scully Airport General Manager, LaGuardia Airport, The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Bio Panel Discussion and Q&A

JITI 2014 Intersections Series Mobility Innovation in the Sharing Economy February 5, 2014 The Brookings Institution, Saul/Zilkha room 1775 Massachusetts Avenue N.W., Washington, D.C. The potential changes from increased use of transportation services in the sharing economy include greater mobility for all, potential for change in urban lifestyles, and more efficient use of infrastructure. The development of mobile apps for ridesharing and carsharing has have led to a number of innovations in the availability of real-time transit and driving data, elevating awareness of mobility options, and the provision of transportation choices for individuals with access to fairly ubiquitous smartphone technology. These technologies enable those with such means to hail taxis, borrow cars, and better plan for transit or travel. A common undercurrent in the rise of these firms is a shift toward the needs of those who have demonstrated preferences toward urban lifestyles that are less dependent on cars, especially Millennials and Baby Boomers. Meeting this demand are firms that make it easier to navigate their communities and to avoid the capital-intensive costs of personal vehicle ownership. This change in ownership and reliance on vehicle-sharing or services approximating traditional taxi service could open up opportunities for more efficient use of current infrastructure, congestion mitigation, and air quality benefits. Although innovations in mobility could increase efficiency and convenience in the transportation sector, universal access and equity remain critical. Likewise, the safety of drivers, passengers, and the public at large will continue to figure prominently. This event will provide an opportunity to examine the strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities presented by recent innovations in mobility. The JITI Intersections Series provides a platform for transportation experts across modes and industries to interact with fellow practitioners and policymakers. As a supplement to JITI’s signature seminars, this series will facilitate further opportunities for open dialogue and exchange of ideas to improve transportation outcomes. Keynote Speeches Joseph Kopser CEO, RideScout Adie Tomer Senior Research Associate and Associate Fellow, Brookings Metropolitan Policy Program Tom Fairchild Director, Mobility Lab

Legislation Amending the Japanese Civil Aeronautics Act to Implement Small UAS’s BVLOS Operations Over People Legislation Amending the Japanese Civil Aeronautics Act to Implement Small UAS’s BVLOS Operations Over People by Yoshihiro Fujimaki 1. Background and Overview The bill to amend the Japanese Civil Aeronautics Act, which will allow for a small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS) to operate beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS) over people, was submitted to the National Diet of Japan on March 9th, 2021. At present, in cases when someone in Japan would like to operate sUAS beyond visual line of sight, he/she must get individual approval for that operation. In addition, operations flown over people (third parties) are prohibited. On the other hand, in 2017, Japanese industries and the government collaboratively developed the “Roadmap for the Aerial Industrial Revolution,” which was intended to develop technology and improve the overall environment for safe utilization of sUAS. This roadmap has been revised each year, and in the latest version, the target date of implementing BVLOS operations over people was set for FY 2022 (by March 2023). Based on this roadmap, the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau (JCAB) of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) has been studying necessary regulatory changes for implementing such operations, and submitted the bill to amend the Japanese Civil Aeronautics Act to the Diet. This bill also aims to make the current regulatory framework more efficient. For these purposes, the bill includes two new regulatory content, a sUAS type certification / airworthiness certification and a sUAS pilot license. 2. sUAS Type Certification / Airworthiness Certification In the Japanese Aeronautics Act, manned aircraft and sUAS are clearly distinguished, and currently there is no regulation regarding type certification / airworthiness certification for sUAS. The bill will establish such certification. There will be two classes of the sUAS type certificate / airworthiness certificate: 1st class and 2nd class. For operations which will be flown over people (third parties), which are currently prohibited by the law, sUAS will be required to have a 1st class sUAS airworthiness certificate (and a 1st class sUAS pilot license). For operations which will not be flown over people, sUAS will still be able to be flown based on individual approval for each flight, and will not be required to have any class of airworthiness certificate. However, in the case that someone would like to perform a BVLOS operation that does not fly over people, he/she will not need to get individual approval IF the sUAS has either class of the sUAS airworthiness certificate AND the pilot has either class of the sUAS pilot license, which is described in next section. The relationship between sUAS type certification and sUAS airworthiness certification is the same as that for manned aircraft; a sUAS manufacturer will apply for a sUAS type certification for a type of sUAS, and once it is certified, sUAS airworthiness certification inspections that are typically needed for every sUAS will be partially or totally omitted for that type. The above figure is reprinted and translated from the interim report published by JCAB on March 8th, 2021 ( https://www.mlit.go.jp/policy/shingikai/kouku01_sg_000288.html ) 3. sUAS Pilot License In addition to sUAS type certification / airworthiness certification, currently there is no regulation regarding sUAS pilot licenses, and so the bill will establish two classes: 1st class and 2nd class. If a pilot plans to operate sUAS over people (third parties), a 1st class sUAS pilot license will be required. If he/she does not plan to operate sUAS over people, the sUAS pilot license will not be mandatory. However, as described in the previous section, in the case that someone would like to perform a BVLOS operation, but not over people, he/she will not need to get individual approval IF the sUAS has either class of the sUAS airworthiness certificate AND the pilot has either class of the sUAS pilot license. Also, the bill will approve private training organizations for sUAS pilots. Once a pilot has completed a course at an approved training organization, the test for the sUAS pilot license will be partially or totally omitted. In addition, he/she must take a course at an approved training organization every three years for license renewal. The above figure is reprinted and translated from the interim report published by JCAB on March 8th, 2021 ( https://www.mlit.go.jp/policy/shingikai/kouku01_sg_000288).html ) 4. Effects From Its Implementation In FY 2019 (from April 2019 to March 2020), the number of sUAS operation approval applications submitted was 48,364, and the breakdown of approvals is shown in the next figure. (Please note that one application may include several approval items.) Most approvals are related to night operations, BVLOS operations, operations near people or buildings, and operations in densely populated areas. For these operations, individual approval will not be necessary IF the sUAS has a sUAS airworthiness certificate AND the pilot has a sUAS pilot license. The above table details information from material that JCAB submitted to the council on Nov. 19, 2020 ( https://www.mlit.go.jp/policy/shingikai/kouku01_sg_000281.html ) On the other hand, some sUAS operations, such as those conducting around airports, flying above 150m altitude, transporting hazardous material, etc., will remain subject to individual approval. Operations by the sUAS which weigh over 25kg will also remain subject to individual approval. Back to All JITTI Journals March 2021 Feature Article

The first part of this report outlines the status of operating Unmanned Aircraft Systems Beyond Visual Line Of Sight in the United States and considerations for expanding such operations in the future. The second part of the report provides a summary of the 2022 FAA Drone Symposium, with speaker highlights that pertain to the aforementioned topic. < Back Civil Aviation Consideration Status for the Expansion of Unmanned Aircraft Systems BVLOS Operations and Participation Report from the 2022 FAA Drone Symposium By Yoshihiro Fujimaki The first part of this report outlines the status of operating Unmanned Aircraft Systems Beyond Visual Line Of Sight in the United States and considerations for expanding such operations in the future. The second part of the report provides a summary of the 2022 FAA Drone Symposium, with speaker highlights that pertain to the aforementioned topic. Download the Report

The U.S. and Japan Sailed Out on a New Stage of the Coast Guard Alliance < Back

The Japan Coast Guard’s New Challenge for Global Cooperation Among Coast Guard Agencies/ Functions < Back

JITTI Journal Cultural Article July 2020 Back to All JITTI Journals July 2020 Cultural Article The Sounds That Remind Japanese People of Summer by Daisuke Takagi Here comes a hot summer! By the way, what kinds of sounds make you feel like summer is coming? When I talked with my wife about this topic, three typical sounds that remind Japanese people of summer came up. An impressive display of fireworks choreographed to Mozart's Marriage of Figaro Overture at the Nagano Ebisko Fireworks Festival The first is the sound of fireworks. When speaking of fireworks during this time of year in the United States, many American people may think of the Fourth of July rather than summer itself. In Japan, fireworks festivals take place in almost every region of the country throughout the summer every year. The largest fireworks festival in Japan is held in Nagano Prefecture, where 40,000 fireworks are displayed over the lake. Unfortunately, almost all of large fireworks festivals were or will be canceled in 2020 due to the impact of COVID-19, but I believe we will see greater firework shows next year. Bug catching, like in the video above, is a popular pastime for kids in Japan. It was even the inspiration for Pokemon, which has taken the world by storm. The second sound is the buzzing of cicadas. In Japan, when summer arrives cicadas are terribly noisy, shrilling all day from morning till night, and are almost everywhere. Most Japanese, especially men, likely have caught cicadas or collected cicada shells during their childhood. There are about 30 kinds of cicadas in Japan, but only about 10 of them are the ones we can often hear chirping. I came to the U.S. two years ago, but I very rarely hear them. It seems that there are cicadas in the United States, but they’re often in forests away from people. Furin, or Japanese wind chimes, are carefully hand blown and hand painted, and were traditionally purposefully crafted with uneven holes. By doing so, the chime make a different sound based on where the bell hits the glass opening. The third quintessential sound of summer are the song of wind chimes. Japanese people have felt a coolness from hearing the sound of wind chimes and been able to withstand the hot and humid summers in Japan from the time before there was air conditioning. Therefore, even in modern times, listening to the sound of wind chimes reminds us of summer. I don't know when we started hanging wind chimes in our houses, but it is said that those that were used to divine fortunes in China were introduced to Japan, and even now in Japan they are used as charms against evil. Japanese wind chimes are generally made of glass, but the glass manufacturing method was introduced from the Netherlands in the 18th century, and became popular in the late Edo era (19th century), spreading throughout Japan. Iron wind chimes are also traditionally made in some areas. If the day comes when the current situation improves and you can travel to Japan, would you like to bring back wind chimes as souvenirs (as you can not bring back fireworks and cicadas) and feel the summer of Japan?

The redevelopment project for Hudson Yard is the largest in New York City history, and consequently comes with unique financial challenges and ingenuity. Part 4 of this series presents unexpected debts and bonds, the impact of building completion and movement into the area, and characteristics needed to successfully complete a project such as the one done for Hudson Yards. < Back Surface Transportation Financing Development of Public Transport-oriented Urban Growth and Subway Infrastructure at New York City’s Hudson Yard through Profit Gained from the Development Itself (Part 4) By Tomomi Tsuchiya & Daisuke Miyamoto The redevelopment project for Hudson Yard is the largest in New York City history, and consequently comes with unique financial challenges and ingenuity. Part 4 of this series presents unexpected debts and bonds, the impact of building completion and movement into the area, and characteristics needed to successfully complete a project such as the one done for Hudson Yards. Download the Report

JITI 2012 Airport Seminar Maximizing the Potential of Multiple Airports in a Region February 1, 2012 The St. Regis Washington, D.C. 923 16th and K Streets, N.W., Washington, DC It is good time to discuss how we can maximize the potential of multiple airports in the region surrounding them, beyond just ‘winners’ and ‘losers’. Airports are essential infrastructure. They work not only as gateways for airline flights and tourists, but also as engines for the regional economy, attracting people and investment, and boosting employment. However, not all airports are fulfilling their potential, which may cause an adverse effect on regions. This is partly because airlines are restructuring or cutting back their flights due to the economic sluggishness and uncertainty. Also, it is partly because competition among multiple airports in a metropolitan area may result in the concentration of flights to a specific airport. Some airports have lost their position as hub airports, decreasing flights and passengers, while others have increased them. It may not be an exaggeration that only strong airports can survive. Therefore, let us find the optimum solutions for each airport as well as the regions. We will focus on examples from New York in the United States, and Tokyo and Osaka in Japan, in addition to reviewing the overall situation of US airports. Opening Remarks Makoto Washizu President JITI USA Bio Keynote Speeches Masahiko Kurono Chairman, Institution for Transport Policy Studies, (Former President & CEO, Narita International Airport Corporation) Bio Presentation Satoshi Iwamura Chairman of the Board, Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd Bio Presentation Ralph F. Tragale Assistant Director, Public Affairs, Aviation Department, The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Bio Presentation Greg Principato President, Airports Council International - North America Bio Panel Discussion Glenn P. Wicks (Moderator) Managing Director, The Wicks Group, PLLC Bio

The redevelopment project for Hudson Yard is the largest in New York City history, and consequently comes with unique financial challenges and ingenuity. In this multi-part research report, Rail Analyst Daisuke Miyamoto and former JITTI USA President Tomomi Tsuchiya relay their findings, and Part 1 of this series describes the background, development incentives, financing mechanisms, status and more of this historic project. < Back Surface Transportation Financing Development of Public Transport-oriented Urban Growth and Subway Infrastructure at New York City’s Hudson Yard through Profit Gained from the Development Itself (Part 1) By Tomomi Tsuchiya & Daisuke Miyamoto The redevelopment project for Hudson Yard is the largest in New York City history, and consequently comes with unique financial challenges and ingenuity. In this multi-part research report, Rail Analyst Daisuke Miyamoto and former JITTI USA President Tomomi Tsuchiya relay their findings, and Part 1 of this series describes the background, development incentives, financing mechanisms, status and more of this historic project. Download the Report

Maritime Analyst, Yasuhiro Okamoto, introduces the achievements of the Japan Coast Guard in providing foreign aid, as well as presenting challenges of doing so on with the plethora of international rules and organizations to take into account. < Back Maritime Transportation The Achievement and Challenge of the Japan Coast Guard in Giving Foreign Assistance By Yasuhiro Okamoto Maritime Analyst, Yasuhiro Okamoto, introduces the achievements of the Japan Coast Guard in providing foreign aid, as well as presenting challenges of doing so on with the plethora of international rules and organizations to take into account. Download the Report