Read publications by JITTI USA staff that are outside of their regular reports, including of special projects. SPECIAL REPORTING Latest News June 2024 United States Coast Guard Academy Commencement: A New Era of Leaders in Maritime Security By Daisuke Komatsu Read More (English) (Image Credit: U.S. Coast Guard Academy) February 2024 The Shape of Happiness Through Keisuke Hira i's Lens: When Survivors Smile for the Camera By Daisuke Komatsu Read More (English) Read More (日本語) _

In April 2021, after much discussion and consideration, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency's proposal of unmanned aircraft regulations was finally adopted. In this report, JITTI USA Senior Fellow, Yoshihiro Fujimaki, fully describes the details of these regulations. < Back Civil Aviation Publication of Traffic Management Regulations of Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Europe By Yoshihiro Fujimaki In April 2021, after much discussion and consideration, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency's proposal of unmanned aircraft regulations was finally adopted. In this report, JITTI USA Senior Fellow, Yoshihiro Fujimaki, fully describes the details of these regulations. Download the Report

The emergence and spread of the novel coronavirus has greatly affected airports globally. Aviation Analyst, Daisuke Takagi, presents the changes that the disease has caused on airport operations, and the varied responses by airports and the countries they are located in. < Back Civil Aviation The Impact of the Spread of COVID-19 on Airports across the World By Daisuke Takagi The emergence and spread of the novel coronavirus has greatly affected airports globally. Aviation Analyst, Daisuke Takagi, presents the changes that the disease has caused on airport operations, and the varied responses by airports and the countries they are located in. Download the Report

High Speed Rail Seminar in Chicago June 28, 2010 Union League Club of Chicago 65 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, IL Presented by: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), Japan Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA), Japan Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Japan Institution for Transport Policy Studies (ITPS), Japan Japan International Transport Institute (JITI) Council for Global Promotion of Railway, Japan Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) Seminar Program Agenda Seminar Overview In January 2010, President Obama announced an allocation of $8 billion granted as federal funds to help turn the U.S. vision of high speed rail (HSR) into reality. The distributed funds will be used for the development of HSR which has proven to be an effective, energy-efficient way to move large numbers of people quickly over long distances. The goal of this seminar in Chicago is to demonstrate Japan’s 45 years of experience in HSR operation and contribute toward developing HSR network projects in the Midwest region as well as other regions in the U.S. In this half day seminar, leaders in the Japanese transportation field will introduce technology and operational experience about HSR. Topics also include a finance scheme for introducing HSR systems to the U.S. as well as economic benefits derived from HSR, such as job creation and regional development. Opening Remarks Seiji Maehara Minister of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Bio Presentation Ichiro Fujisaki Ambassador of Japan to the United States Bio Satoshi Seino President and CEO, East Japan Railway Company, Deputy Chairman, Council for Global Promotion of Railway Bio Jiro Hanyu Chairman, ITPS Bio Keynote Speeches Governor Patrick Joseph “Pat” Quinn III State of Illinois (Secretary Gary Hannig, Illinois DOT, representing Governor Quinn) Mayor Richard M. Daley City of Chicago (Commissioner Bobby L. Ware, CDOT, representing Mayor Daley) Bio U.S. Congressman Daniel Lipinski Illinois 3rd District Bio State Representative Elaine Nekritz Illinois 57th District Bio Richard Harnish Executive Director, Midwest High Speed Rail Association Bio Presentations Yuki Tanaka Director, International Affairs Office, JITI Bio Presentation Satoshi Seino President and CEO, East Japan Railway Company Presentation Hiromasa Tanaka Senior Advisor, Central Japan Railway Company Bio Presentation Maurice Andriani Senior Manager, Aftermarket and Special Projects, Kawasaki Rail Car, Inc Bio Presentation Yasuhiko Mochizuki President, Nippon Sharyo U.S.A., Inc. Bio Presentation Robert E. Galbraith, II Director, Marketing, Transportation Systems Division, Mitsubishi Electric Power Products, Inc. Bio Presentation Kyle D. Kem Vice President, Toshiba International Corporation Bio Presentation Closing Remarks Makoto Washizu President, JITI Bio Exhibition Panel displays & DVD presentations on Japanese HSR [Railway Operators] East Japan Railway Company Central Japan Railway Company [Manufacturers] Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nippon Sharyo, Ltd. /Sumitomo Corporation Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Toshiba Corporation Fuji Electric Systems Co., Ltd. Hitachi, Ltd. KYB Corporation Nabtesco Corporation NTN Corporation Sumitomo Metals

This second report in a series on emerging Smart City trends in the West highlights the Hammarby Sjöstad district in Stockholm, Sweden as a case study for exemplary TOD. Read about how their TOD projects have attracted MaaS and helped achieve their environmental goals in urban development. < Back Surface Transportation Survey of Smart City Trends in the West: Transit-oriented Development and Mobility-as-a-Service Part 2: Case Study 1- Stockholm, Sweden By Akito Okabe This second report in a series on emerging Smart City trends in the West highlights the Hammarby Sjöstad district in Stockholm, Sweden as a case study for exemplary TOD. Read about how their TOD projects have attracted MaaS and helped achieve their environmental goals in urban development. Download the Report

Amendment of Japan’s Civil Aeronautics Act in Response to the Haneda Airport Runway Collision Amendment of Japan’s Civil Aeronautics Act in Response to the Haneda Airport Runway Collision by Shinichiro Tsuri 1. Background On May 30, 2025, the Japanese Diet passed a bill to partially amend the Civil Aeronautics Act and other related acts, and the revised Civil Aeronautics Act was promulgated on June 6, 2025. One of the key pillars of the amendments is ensuring aviation safety incorporating lessons learned from the tragic accident at Tokyo International Airport (Haneda Airport) on January 2, 2024, which involved a fatal runway collision between a Bombardier DHC-8-315 operated by the Japan Coast Guard (JCG) and an Airbus A350-941 operated by Japan Airlines (JAL). While the root causes of the accident remain under investigation by the Japan Transport Safety Board (JTSB), the amendments were proposed in line with the recommendations outlined in the interim report released in June 2024 by the Haneda Airport Aircraft Collision Prevention Measures Review Committee, established by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) following the accident. This article provides an overview of this legal amendment prompted by the incident. JCG’s Aircraft after the Accident (Image Source: JTSB’s Aircraft Accident Investigation Interim Report ) JAL’s Aircraft after the Accident (Image Source: JTSB’s Aircraft Accident Investigation Interim Report ) 2. Overview of the Amendments for Aviation Safety Enhancing Runway Safety Measures at Airports One aspect of the amendments to the Civil Aeronautics Act for aviation safety is enhancement of runway safety. Article 47 was revised to add “measures related preventing runway incursion” to items to be specified in the standards securing the function of aerodrome or air navigation facilities, which their providers must follow. Examples of such measures include the following items, which were mentioned in the recommendations by the Haneda Airport Aircraft Collision Prevention Measures Review Committee. Establish Runway Safety Teams (which consist of aerodrome operators, ATC provider, aircraft operators, ground handling operators) at major airports (New Chitose, Narita, Haneda, Chubu, Osaka, Kansai, Fukuoka and Naha Airports) Ensure proper operation of RunWay Status Lights (RWSL) and other facilities Install location information transmitters on vehicles entering runways Strengthen the safety supervision system for ground handling (aircraft towing/pushback, cargo loading/unloading, refueling, ramp bus and other auxiliary services) operators Function of RWSL (warning aircraft waiting on taxiways of other aircraft taking off or landing) (Image Source: Summary Document of Amendment of the Civil Aeronautics Act ) Mandatory CRM (Crew Resource Management) Training for Pilots Another aspect of the amendments for aviation safety is mandating CRM training for pilots. According to ICAO Circular 217 “Human Factors Digest No. 2 - Flight Crew Training: Cockpit Resource Management (CRM) and Line-Oriented Flight Training (LOFT),” CRM is defined as “the effective use of all available resources, i.e. equipment, procedures and people, to achieve safe and efficient flight operations.” CRM training focuses on skills such as communication/interpersonal skills, situation awareness, problem-solving/decision-making/judgement, leadership/“followership,” stress management and critique. While CRM training had been already mandatory for pilots of air carriers operating airplanes requiring two or more flight crews, the Haneda Airport Aircraft Collision Prevention Measures Review Committee recommended extending CRM training to all pilots, including private pilots, in order to prevent human errors in air traffic control communication. Example Situation of CRM (Image Source: Summary Document of Amendment of the Civil Aeronautics Act ) In accordance with the above recommendation, Article 71-5 was newly added to mandate that all pilots who take off or land at airports in air traffic control zones complete CRM training conducted by a registered training organization. A training organization can be registered by the MLIT when its facilities, equipment, training materials and instructors are found to comply with prescribed requirements. For example, the organization must provide training materials that include scripted scenarios modeled on past incidents such as runway incursions, in which trainees assume the role of the pilot to acquire management skills. The registered training organization must issue a certificate of completion to pilots who have completed their training course, and based on newly added Article 71-6, they must carry this certificate when taking off or landing at airports in air traffic control zones, except as otherwise provided. Article 71-5 and 71-6 will become applicable within three years after promulgation. 3. Conclusion While the 2025 amendment to Civil Aeronautics Act is a cornerstone for enhancing aviation safety, it will also be essential to establish subordinate legislation and to ensure effective implementation within the legal framework. I hope that the entire aviation industry will fully learn from the lessons of the accident at Haneda Airport and work actively to further improve safety. References JTSB, (Aircraft Accident Investigation Interim Report) Japan Coast Guard Bombardier DHC-8-315, JA722A and Japan Airlines Co., Ltd Airbus A350-941, JA13XJ https://jtsb.mlit.go.jp/eng-air_report/interim20241225-JA722A_JA13XJ.pdf MLIT, Haneda Airport Aircraft Collision Prevention Measures Review Committee https://www.mlit.go.jp/koku/koku_tk13_000045.html MLIT, Cabinet Decision of the “The Bill to Partially Amend the Civil Aeronautics Act and Other Related Acts” ~ Ensuring Aviation Safety and Promoting the Early Restoration of Disaster-Affected Airports ~ https://www.mlit.go.jp/report/press/kouku01_hh_000134.html Japanese Law Translation, The Bill to Partially Amend the Civil Aeronautics Act and Other Related Acts https://www.japaneselawtranslation.go.jp/outline/160/905R719.pdf Cabinet Office, Act to Partially Amend the Civil Aeronautics Act and Other Related Acts https://www.kanpo.go.jp/20250606/20250606g00125/20250606g001250009f.html Back to All JITTI Journals July 2025 Feature Article

JITI 2012 Airport Seminar Maximizing the Potential of Multiple Airports in a Region February 1, 2012 The St. Regis Washington, D.C. 923 16th and K Streets, N.W., Washington, DC It is good time to discuss how we can maximize the potential of multiple airports in the region surrounding them, beyond just ‘winners’ and ‘losers’. Airports are essential infrastructure. They work not only as gateways for airline flights and tourists, but also as engines for the regional economy, attracting people and investment, and boosting employment. However, not all airports are fulfilling their potential, which may cause an adverse effect on regions. This is partly because airlines are restructuring or cutting back their flights due to the economic sluggishness and uncertainty. Also, it is partly because competition among multiple airports in a metropolitan area may result in the concentration of flights to a specific airport. Some airports have lost their position as hub airports, decreasing flights and passengers, while others have increased them. It may not be an exaggeration that only strong airports can survive. Therefore, let us find the optimum solutions for each airport as well as the regions. We will focus on examples from New York in the United States, and Tokyo and Osaka in Japan, in addition to reviewing the overall situation of US airports. Opening Remarks Makoto Washizu President JITI USA Bio Keynote Speeches Masahiko Kurono Chairman, Institution for Transport Policy Studies, (Former President & CEO, Narita International Airport Corporation) Bio Presentation Satoshi Iwamura Chairman of the Board, Kansai International Airport Co., Ltd Bio Presentation Ralph F. Tragale Assistant Director, Public Affairs, Aviation Department, The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Bio Presentation Greg Principato President, Airports Council International - North America Bio Panel Discussion Glenn P. Wicks (Moderator) Managing Director, The Wicks Group, PLLC Bio

JITTI Journal March 2022 Back to All JITTI Journals March 2022 Feature Article Initiatives to Relieve Congestion in Japan's Rail Industry by Akito Okabe Introduction  While railroads play an important role as a mode of transportation in Japan, urban rail congestion has long been a serious social problem. It may be surprising to learn that the average congestion rate for major Tokyo-area railroad sections in FY 2019 was 163%, with the most congested section reaching 199% 1) . The congestion rate is an index of congestion calculated by dividing the number of people transported by the transportation capacity 2) . As a guide of congestion rate Image Source: Association of Japanese Private Railways Although congestion rates have recently declined temporarily due to the pandemic, it continues to be an important issue against a backdrop of increased hygiene awareness and new ways of working through teleworking. For a long time, Japan has been trying to relieve congestion rates by shortening operating intervals, adding more tracks, and other large-scale construction projects. In recent years, Japan has also been focusing on new initiatives such as a "Train crowd measurement system" that utilizes digital technology. This article introduces some of the advanced efforts in the Japanese railroad to relieve congestion. Train Crowd Measurement System In the Tokyo area, the provision of congestion information on official apps and websites of railroad operators has been in full swing since around 2015. This article introduces Tokyo Metro's real-time ‘train crowd measurement system’ for each train car. Tokyo Metro has been distributing real-time congestion information for each train car on the 'Tokyo Metro my!' app since July 2021. According to Tokyo Metro, by distributing real-time congestion information for each train car, the system enables "safe and comfortable use" tailored to individual customers' needs, such as "which train car is relatively empty?" and "which station will be least crowded to board a train?" In addition, this service has been used by many customers, reaching approximately 50,000 times in the month and a half since its distribution began in July. It is very difficult to calculate congestion in real time, but by utilizing the ‘train crowd measurement system’ that uses a 'depth camera' to acquire depth information on in-train congestion, it is now possible to distribute real-time congestion and congestion forecast information regardless of car type, according to the company. The above figure is reprinted and translated from the Tokyo Metro Co.,Ltd. website. Off-Peak Point Service A service that rewards customers with points as an incentive for off-peak commuting is another initiative that Japanese railroad operators are focusing on to relieve congestion. JR East, Japan's largest railroad company, has launched a point service on weekday mornings as an initiative to support staggered commuting by SUICA 3) commuter pass holders. If you enter a station in the target area during a time period eligible for point redemption and then exit at a station in the target area, points are redeemed. Image Source: JR East An illustration of this is shown in the image above. For example, if the peak period is from 7:00 to 7:30 a.m., passengers can earn 15 reward points if they ride from 6:00 to 7:00 a.m. during the "early bird period" before the peak period. If they ride between 8:30 and 9:30 a.m. after the peak period, they will earn 20 reward points. The rewards can be recharged to IC cards and used as train tickets, or used for shopping at JR-operated commercial facilities. Currently, the program is being offered for a limited time from March 15, 2021 to March 31, 2022. Conclusion As in Japan, people in the U.S. are becoming more hygiene-conscious, and providing information on train congestion is a topic of great interest. In addition, since staggering morning and evening peak hours can also help railroad companies reduce the number of train cars and staffing required during peak hours, contributing to cost savings, we believe that efforts to promote off-peak use can be a useful reference for the U.S. railroad industry. Currently, the Japanese and U.S. railroad industries are facing a difficult situation due to the pandemic, but it is important to promote new approaches flexibly in accordance with changes in people's needs. References: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism website https://www.mlit.go.jp/report/press/tetsudo04_hh_000095.html Japan Private Railway Association website https://www.mintetsu.or.jp/knowledge/term/16370.html JR East's IC card can be used for trains, buses, shopping, etc. Image Sources: Association of Japanese Private Railways Tokyo Metro Co.,Ltd. JR East

Graduate Course Specifically Focused on Coast Guard Studies < Back

JITTI Journal March 2023 Back to All JITTI Journals March 2023 Feature Article The Latest Trends in Japan's Railroad Business: Management Strategies to Strengthen the "De-rail" Business By Akito Okabe Introduction Japan's railroad business is currently undergoing a major transition. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has calmed down and railroad operators are making steady progress in recovering their business performance, the trend of teleworking remains unchanged and ridership has not returned to pre-pandemic levels. The rail ridership in Japan is generally at 70-80% of its pre-pandemic level, with a particularly sharp decline in commuter pass users. In addition, the future outlook is that ridership is not expected to return to its pre-pandemic level, and an aging and declining population is also expected. Under these circumstances, many railroad companies are struggling to establish a new revenue base by strengthening their non-railway businesses, and this article will introduce some initiatives thatJapanese railroad companies are currently doing. Real Estate Business Japanese railroad companies and the real estate business have had a close relationship since before the pandemic. Many railroad companies have built hotels, apartments, office buildings, and shopping centers near their lines to generate revenue. By increasing the attractiveness of towns through development along their lines, they also aim to increase the population along their lines and increase their rail ridership in the future. Tokyu, a leading company in the real estate business, is further accelerating its efforts after the pandemic. It has identified "Shibuya," its development hub, as its biggest growth strategy, and plans to invest a cumulative 450 billion yen (about $3.2 billion USD) in real estate-related activities by 2030. (This amount is approximately three times this year's EBITDA.) JR East, Japan's largest railroad company, also plans to focus on redeveloping the area around Takanawa Gateway Station, which opened in 2020. It plans to build a luxury hotel, offices, and one of the largest halls in Tokyo on the former railcar depot site, and expects the total project cost to be approximately 58 billion yen (about $4.2 billion USD). Image of the station area after redevelopment (Image Source: https://tokyoyard.com/ ) New Business In addition to the real estate business, a number of unique new businesses are being considered, which we would like to introduce below. Tokyo Metro Tokyo Metro, which operates subways in the Tokyo area, has opened a training gym for "e-sports" video game competitions in 2021, utilizing vacant buildings near its lines. (Co-operated with startup Gecipe ※1 ). In addition to monthly memberships to use the gym store, the company offers an optional service that allows users to take lessons from professional e-sports players in the store or online. The concept of the gym is "a bright and healthy e-sports facility that is easy for anyone to enter," and the company aims to "create a world where anyone can seriously enjoy e-sports at any time.” Image of Interior view of training gym (Image Source: https://esportsgym.tokyo/register-lp ) Tokyo Metro is also developing other new businesses, such as yoga classes with bouldering and robot programming classes. Osaka Metro Osaka Metro, which operates subways mainly in Osaka Prefecture, plans to launch a matching service in the spring of 2023 to connect land owners with businesses that wish to open food trucks (mobile vending vehicles for food and beverages). Under this service, Osaka Metro will act as an intermediary, receiving a fee from food and beverage operators for opening stalls and paying rent to landowners. In addition to the brokerage service, Osaka Metro plans to open food trucks under its direct management. Food trucks (Image Source: https://subway.osakametro.co.jp/news/news_release/20210930_foodtruck_kakudai.php ) 　By the end of FY2023, the company aims to enter the healthcare service business, which supports the health improvement of railroad users through a proprietary app. Conclusion As JR East President Fukasawa stated, "We need to stand on the premise that the number of rail ridership will not return to pre-pandemic levels.", and the business environment is expected to remain severe for railway companies. Given this situation, Japanese railroad operators are aiming to diversify their revenue sources through real estate and unique new businesses, and this trend is expected to continue. We will monitor this trend closely, as the initiatives of railroad companies focusing on businesses other than the railroad itself are unique to Japan and could serve as a useful reference for other countries. References ※1 https://gecipe.co.jp/

JITI 2018 Public Transportation Seminar Improving the Convenience of Public Transportation in a Cashless Society May 24th, 2018 The Sofitel Washington DC Lafayette Square 806 15th St NW, Washington, DC With recent advancements in ICT technology we have seen a rapid spread of cashless payments, in which our day-to-day transactions are accomplished through the use of credit cards, smartphones, and contactless payment cards called ‘transportation IC cards’. The growth of cashless societies has been rapid, especially in China. With the popularity of third-party smartphone payment applications operated by internet giants, mobile payment systems have spread widely in the day-to-day transactions of consumers. Based on the system’s dominating presence in consumer markets, they are expanding their use to include public transportation, which is regarded as a key sector in enhancing user convenience. In Japan, the first transportation IC card was introduced in 2001 and, since then, over 130 million contactless payment cards have been issued. The popularity of these transportation IC cards may be attributed to their multi-purpose use. They can be used not only for transit payments, such as railroad and bus travel, but also as electronic payments for shopping at many stores. In addition, these cards can be mutually utilized with multiple Japanese transit companies. Therefore, the use of transportation IC cards is expanding in many parts of Japan. The United States has also been active in introducing contactless payment systems. The Chicago Transit Authority (CTA) introduced a contactless payment card called ‘Ventra Card’ in 2013, which promotes mobile payments on subways and buses. Also, the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) signed a collaboration agreement with the NFC Forum to jointly educate the industry on NFC (Near Field Communication) technologies, supporting the needs of public transportation operators. These are just two examples of the many uses of contactless payment cards in the transit industry in the States. In this rapidly advancing cashless society, JITI USA has invited experts on the subject from Japan, the U.S., and China, to discuss the progress so far, especially milestones accomplished, as well as the future path for improving the convenience of public transportation in a cashless society. Opening Remarks Makoto Washizu President , JITI, USA Bio Keynote Speeches Weilin Zhao Senior Research Associate, Fujitsu Research Institute Bio Presentation Koichi Tagawa Co-Chairman of the Board, NFC Forum Bio Presentation Jennifer Dogin Director of Smart Mobility Solutions, North America, MasterCard Bio Presentation Michael Gwinn Director, Revenue and Fare Systems, Chicago Transit Authority Bio Naoto Kimura Director, International Relations Department, Tokyo Metro Bio Presentation Panel Discussion Nasreen Quibria (moderator) Managing Director, Q insights Bio

JITTI USA Privacy Policy Japan International Transport and Tourism Institute USA ("we " or "JITTI USA ") respect your privacy and are committed to protecting it through our compliance with this policy and applicable law and regulations concerning the protection of personal information. This policy describes the types of information we may collect from you or that you may provide and our practices for collecting, using, maintaining, protecting, and disclosing that information. 1. Personal Information We Collect and How We Collect It (1) General The personal information we collect are as below: Name Telephone number E-mail address Postal address (home/office) Any other identifier by which you may be contacted online or offline Other categories of personal information necessary for the purposes specified in Section 2 (If required under applicable law, we will notify you of the categories of such personal information separately.) Personal information may be collected by us directly from you, including, without limitation, through our websites (when you visit our websites, or when you fill in forms displayed on our websites), by e-mail correspondence, by postal mail or fax, or in person, social media correspondences, and automatically collected information from our website operating system, as described in (2) and (3) below. (2) Information Collected and Stored Automatically Our website operating system, Wix.com, and online analytics tools such as Google Analytics collect and track information about your visit to our website so that we can monitor usage and make improvements. These tools may store your IP address from which you access our website. 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We will periodically review the personal information held by us to ensure that is accurate and up to date. We will also retain your personal information only for so long as it is necessary to provide our services to you (subject to our internal policies on data retention, or applicable laws and regulations). 8. Personal Information of Others Provided by Users In certain situations, you may provide the personal information of others to us. It is your responsibilities to confirm that such other persons have consented to the handling and disclosing of their personal information in accordance with this Privacy Policy, and you shall be authorized to receive any privacy notice and other related information on their behalf. 9. Children’s Privacy We do not knowingly collect personal information from children under the age of 13 without the consent of their parents or guardians. If we learn that personal information of any child under the age of 13 has been collected, we will obtain the consent of his/her parents or guardians or take reasonable measures to promptly delete such information from our records. 10. Changes to the Privacy Policy We may update this privacy policy from time to time, in accordance with our internal policies, technological developments, industry practices, or applicable laws and regulations. If we make any changes to our privacy policy, we will post the revised version here, so do review it frequently. If significant changes are made, we may also notify you by other means, such as, but not limited to, a notification by email or on our website. 11. Contact for Inquiries If you have any questions about this privacy policy or how we process your personal information, please contact us using the following contact details: By Email: contact@jittiusa.org